A Single Axial Tied Expansion Bellow is a type of metallic expansion joint designed to absorb axial movement (i.e., compression or extension along the pipe axis), while restraining pressure thrust using external tie rods.
Component | Description |
---|---|
Bellows Element | Corrugated metal (typically stainless steel) that expands/contracts along the axis to absorb movement. |
End Connections | Welded ends or flanges used to connect the expansion joint to the piping system. |
Tie Rods (Tie Bars) | One or more rods that run externally between the two ends, restraining the pressure thrust and allowing only axial movement. |
Gusset Plates / Lugs | Welded to the ends of the joint to serve as anchoring points for the tie rods. |
Nuts/Washers | Lock the tie rods in place and allow adjustment/pre-tensioning. |
(Optional) Internal Sleeve | Sometimes included to reduce turbulence and protect the bellows from erosion by internal flow. |
Function & Characteristics
Movement Type: Axial only (expansion and contraction along the pipe axis).
Thrust-Restrained: Internal pressure thrust is absorbed by tie rodsïnot transmitted to adjacent pipe or anchors.
No Lateral or Angular Movement (unless explicitly designed for limited multi-axis movement).
Thermal expansion in straight pipe runs.
Pump and compressor connections.
Systems with well-defined anchor points and limited space.
Low to medium-pressure steam, gas, or fluid systems.
Cannot absorb lateral or angular movement.
Misalignment in installation can lead to premature failure.
Tie rods must be properly aligned and tensioned to function correctly.
EJMA (Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association) design guidelines.
ASME B31.3 for piping stress design.
Materials often conform to ASTM standards (e.g., A240 for SS 316L bellows).
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